https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-von-Bismarck, JewishEncyclopedia.com - Biography of Otto Eduard Leopold Bismarck, Otto von Bismarck - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Otto von Bismarck - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). He even considered marching his peasants to Berlin to free Frederick William IV from the baneful influence of the rebels. Evidently Bismarck was a mediocre student who spent much of his time drinking with his comrades in an aristocratic fraternity. When Otto von Bismarck was born, Germany was a collection of 39 weak states cowering between the superpowers of France, Austria, and Russia. Mimo iż Johanna nie posiadała ani nadzwyczajnej urody, ani wykształcenia, to małżeństwo z Bismarckiem okazało się wyjątkowo udane (trwało czterdzieści siedem lat, aż do śmierci Johanny). Bismarck, also known as the "Iron Chancellor", was the founder and first chancellor of the German Empire, and through his diplomatic skills, he managed to maintain the peace in Europe for a generation. Bismarck, Otto von remains one of the most significant political figures of modern Germany. Otto von Bismarck became the greatest statesman of a generation, but he began as an intransigent and irresponsible youth. This soon led to the Austro-Prussian War, which Prussia won while offering Austria fairly lenient surrender terms. Military leaders were suspicious of what they perceived as excessive moderation from Bismarck. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen, ab 1865 Graf von Bismarck-Schönhausen, ab 1871 Fürst von Bismarck, ab 1890 auch Herzog zu Lauenburg (* 1. The radicals would spur industrial growth at the expense of the lower middle class and the farm population. Ultimately, even the middle class itself might be won over by tactical concessions and success in foreign policy. Bismarck started out as an unlikely candidate for political greatness. With his mother’s encouragement, he took up the study of law at the University of Göttingen in the kingdom of Hanover. I prefer to learn from the experience of others.' Robert J. McNamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. It was also unstable, its ancient monarchy and traditional Junker landowning class threatened by the rising forces of pan-German nationalism and liberal democratic revolution. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen (fra 1865 greve, fra 1871 Fürst von Bismarck, fra 1890 hertug til Lauenburg, født 1. april 1815 i Schönhausen, død 30. juli 1898 i Friedrichsruh ved Hamborg) var fra 1862 til 1890 – med en kort afbrydelse i 1873 – preussisk ministerpræsident og tillige fra 1867 til 1871 forbundskansler i Det nordtyske Forbund. The French eventually surrendered on January 28, 1871. Otto von Bismarck (1815 – 1898) was the Prussian Prime Minister responsible for the unification of Germany. Yet historians have noted that Bismarck would have been horrified by Nazis. Otto von Bismarck served as prime minister of Prussia (1862–73, 1873–90) and was the founder and first chancellor (1871–90) of the German Empire. His mother, Wilhelmine Mencken, came from an educated bourgeois family that had produced a number of higher civil servants and academics. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born into an aristocratic family at Schönhausen, northwest of Berlin, on 1 April 1815. Bismarck was able to form the Reich, a unified German empire led by the Prussians. Implementation of such a policy would be anything but conservative because it would entail radical changes in the map of Europe as it had been drawn by the conservative powers at Vienna, Austria, in 1815. Corrections? A dispute arose in 1870 when the vacant throne of Spain was offered to a German prince. His politics during the 1840s did not diverge substantially from those of a typical country squire. Germany remained powerful, and potential enemies were played off against each other. English: Otto von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (April 1, 1815 – July 30, 1898) was a prominent European aristocrats and statesmen of the nineteenth century. Kaiser Wilhelm died in early 1888, but Bismarck stayed on as chancellor when the emperor’s son, Wilhelm II, ascended to the throne. The battleship Bismarck was named in honour of Otto Fürst von Bismarck, the architect of German unification and the arbiter of European politics during the second half of the 19th century. The vast majority of Prussians, however, were peasants and artisans, who, in Bismarck’s view, were loyal monarchists. His mother’s death in 1839 gave him the opportunity of resigning in order to come to the assistance of his father, who was experiencing financial difficulties in the management of his estate. And he actually dominated European affairs for decades through his brilliant and ruthless implementation of realpolitik, a system of politics based on practical, and not necessarily moral, considerations. Bismarck was born in Schönhausen, his family's estate in the Old Prussian province of Mark Brandenburg (now Saxony-Anhalt), west of Berlin. April 1815 in Schönhausen (Elbe); † 30. The existing social and political order was to be defended in order to prevent a Hobbesian chaos of all against all. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck (Schönhausen, 1815. április 1. Born April 1, 1815, he was a rebellious child who managed to attend university and become a lawyer by the age of 21. In 1849 he was elected to the Prussian Chamber of Deputies (the lower chamber of the Prussian Diet) and moved his family to Berlin. He was a poor student who excelled at dueling and was quite a historian and linguist. Ferdinand was a typical member of the Prussian landowning elite. Von 1862 bis 1890 – mit einer kurzen Unterbrechung im Jahr 1873 – war er in Preußen Ministerpräsident, von 1867 bis 1871 zugleich Bundeskanzler des Norddeutschen Bundes sowie von 1871 bis 1890 erster Reichskanzler des De… Share with your friends. Updates? The young Bismarck resented exchanging an easy life in the country for a more circumscribed life in a large city, where in school he was pitted against the sons of Berlin’s best-educated families. The motivations of Bismarck were often not clear to his adversaries, and it's commonly believed that he provoked the war with France specifically to create a scenario in which the South German states would want to unify with Prussia. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen , vévoda z Lauenburgu ( 1. dubna 1815 , Schönhausen , Pruské království – 30. července 1898 , Friedrichsruh , Německé císařství ) byl jeden z nejvýznamnějších politiků 19. století a budovatel sjednoceného Německa . Otto von Bismarck (April 1, 1818–July 30, 1898), a son of the Prussian aristocracy, unified Germany in the 1870s. Take a look below for 30 more interesting and awesome facts about Otto von Bismarck. Otto von Bismarck, in full Otto Eduard Leopold, Fürst (prince) von Bismarck, Graf (count) von Bismarck-Schönhausen, Herzog (duke) von Lauenburg, (born April 1, 1815, Schönhausen, Altmark, Prussia [Germany]—died July 30, 1898, Friedrichsruh, near Hamburg), prime minister of Prussia (1862–73, 1873–90) and founder and first chancellor (1871–90) of the German Empire. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck est né le 1 er avril 1815 à Schönhausen.Son père, Ferdinand von Bismarck, est officier militaire et propriétaire terrien prussien et sa mère, Wilhelmine Mencken, est la fille d'un homme politique [l 1].Son grand-père paternel est un disciple de Jean-Jacques Rousseau.Otto a un frère, Bernhard (1810 – 1893), et une sœur, Malwina (1827 – 1908) [w 1]. Alsace-Lorraine became an imperial territory of Germany. As Prime Minister of Prussia from 1862 to 1890, he engineered the unification of Germany.Thereafter, he served as the first Chancellor of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. Prince Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen Duke of Lauenburg (1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898) was an aristocrat and statesman of the 19th century in Europe. She had been married to Ferdinand von Bismarck at age 16 and found provincial life confining. While courting Johanna, Bismarck experienced a religious conversion that was to give him inner strength and security. His Kulturkampf,or vehement opposition to the Catholic Church, was unsuccessful, and his anti-Socialist policies contributed to the wreckage of the Bismarckian parties in the 1890 election. In a meeting with legislators in late September 1862, Bismarck made a statement which would become notorious: “The great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and resolutions of majorities...but by blood and iron.”. Wilhelm was declared Kaiser or emperor, and Bismarck became chancellor. In fact, Bismarck’s last words before dying in 1898 expressed the wish that he would once again see Johanna, who had passed away some years earlier. He took his university entrance examination (Abitur) in 1832. Descended of a noble Prussian family, Bismarck certainly inherited the arrogance of the Prussian Junker class. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The French were concerned about a possible Spanish and German alliance, and a French minister approached Wilhelm, the Prussian king, who was in the resort town of Ems. Otto von Bismarck Money , Men , Civilization "The C.S.L.T. Wilhelm, in turn, sent a written report about the meeting to Bismarck, who published an edited version of it as the “Ems Telegram.” It led the French to believe that Prussia was ready to go to war, and France used it as a pretext to declare war on July 19, 1870. However, he spent much of his time drinking with the other aristocrats in their exclusive fraternity. In 1847 he attended the Prussian United Diet, where his speeches against Jewish emancipation and contemporary liberalism gained him the reputation of a backwoods conservative, out of touch with the dynamic forces of his age. Bismarck was bitterly opposed to the power of the Catholic Church, and his kulturkampf campaign against the church was controversial but ultimately not entirely successful. Paris declared itself a republic, and the Prussians besieged the city. From 1839 to 1847 Bismarck lived the ordinary life of a Prussian country squire. Alsace-Lorraine was overtaken by Prussia. His vision of a manipulative state that sustained its power by rewarding obedient groups remained with him throughout his political career. Not only did he find the constant deference to the Austrians in Frankfurt demeaning, but he also realized that the status quo meant acceptance of Prussia as a second-rate power in central Europe. Bismarck made no secret of his bitterness. nævnes i panden de besejrede lande Danmark, Østrig og Frankrig. During the 1870s and 1880s, Bismarck engaged in a number of treaties which were considered diplomatic successes. Subsequently he romanticized these years on the land and wondered why he had abandoned an idyllic existence for the insecurities of a life in politics. 1824, zm. There is no question that the marriage was a very happy one. Beginning in 1864, Bismarck used his considerable influence to wage a series of wars. Bismarck was born at Schönhausen, in the Kingdom of Prussia. From 1871 to 1890 Bismarck essentially ruled a unified Germany, modernizing its government as it transformed into an industrialized society. When her son Otto was seven, she enrolled him in the progressive Plamann Institute in Berlin and moved to the capital to be near him. Otto von Bismarck was born at Schönhausen, in the Kingdom of Prussia. Otto von Bismarck var et yndet offer for samtidens karikaturtegnere. With other archconservatives, including Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach, he began contributing to the Kreuzzeitung newspaper (1848) as an organ of antirevolutionary sentiment. Throughout the 1850s and early 1860s, he advanced through several diplomatic positions, serving in St. Petersburg, Vienna, and Paris. Otto von Bismarck (April 1, 1818–July 30, 1898), a son of the Prussian aristocracy, unified Germany in the 1870s. While he unified Germany and helped it become a modern power, he did not create political institutions that could live on without his personal guidance. Enjoy the best Otto von Bismarck Quotes at BrainyQuote. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck - Graf von Bismarck (conte), apoi Fürst von Bismarck-Schönhausen (principe) - (n. 1 aprilie 1815, Schönhausen, Germania – d. 30 iulie 1898, Friedrichsruh [*], Germania) a fost un om de stat al Prusiei / Germaniei de la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea, precum și o figură dominantă în afacerile mondiale. The task of the forces of order was to confirm the loyalty of these two groups by means of material concessions. This stature derives from his contribution to the creation and shaping of the modern German state as Prussian minister president and imperial chancellor from 1862 to 1890. The young Kaiser Wilhelm II was able to maneuver Bismarck into a situation in which it was publicly stated that Bismarck was retiring for reasons of health. Otto von Bismarck sinh ra ở Schönhausen, phía Tây thành phố Berlin, tỉnh Sachsen thuộc Vương quốc Phổ, là con thứ tư trong một gia đình giàu có. For Bismarck’s future role, it is important to understand his analysis of the revolution. If anything, his politics were more conservative. He later attended the Frederick William gymnasium. The economic policies of the urban middle-class radicals were rooted in pure self-interest, he maintained. Given his views, Bismarck was welcomed as a member of the religious conservative circle around the brothers von Gerlach, who were stout defenders of the noble estate against the encroachments of bureaucratic centralization. The war went disastrously for France. However, he developed no political system, party, or set of issues to support and succeed him. A vision of a Prussian-dominated northern Europe and a redirection of Austrian power to the Slavic areas in the south took shape in his mind. Bismarck used his cunning and intellect to manipulate the king into doing what he felt was in the best interests of his nation. His mother, Wilhelmine Mencken, came from an educated bourgeois family that had produced a number of higher civil servants and academics. He spent five years at the school and went on to the Frederick William gymnasium for three years. Thus, he had 11 years of experience in foreign affairs before he became prime minister and foreign minster of Prussia in September 1862. Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince von Bismarck, Duke of Lauenburg, Count von Bismarck-Schönhausen., born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck (April 1, 1815 – July 30, 1898) was a European statesman of the 19th century, born to a wealthy family. 1894), z którą już w lipcu 1847 r. doszło do zaręczyn. The parliament was resistant to allocate the necessary funds, and the nation’s war minister convinced the king to entrust the government to Bismarck. He was Amazon.com's first-ever history editor and has bylines in New York, the Chicago Tribune, and other national outlets. Quotations by Otto von Bismarck, German Leader, Born April 1, 1815. The wise man learns from the mistakes of others. In 1859 Bismarck was sent to Russia as Prussian ambassador, and not long thereafter (May 1862) he moved to Paris as ambassador to the court of Napoleon III. He became known for issuing sharp judgments on the foreign leaders he encountered. Blood and Iron (German: Blut und Eisen) is the name given to a speech made by Otto von Bismarck given on 30 September 1862, at the time when he was Minister President of Prussia, about the unification of the German territories.It is also a transposed phrase that Bismarck uttered near the end of the speech that has become one of his most widely known quotations.